Cyber Terrorism for Vulnerabilities and Threats- myassignmenthelp

Question: Examine about theCyber Terrorism for Vulnerabilities and Threats. Answer: Presentation Digital wrongdoing is turning into a significant security worry in this age of ICT. ICT gives a few focal points to the general public however it likewise has certain detriments (Alsaadi Tubaishat, 2015). Digital psychological oppression is a demonstration of spreading dread in the general public by utilizing the internet. Data framework can be influenced by these sorts of dangers (Ahmad Yunos, 2012). Digital fear based oppression consolidates psychological warfare with the internet. This sort of act is illegal and it influences the data frameworks and systems also. This report talks about the idea of digital fear based oppression. It gives an away from of the issues and difficulties that are looked by the network in view of digital psychological warfare. This report examines in regards to the significant advancements that assume a significant job in digital psychological oppression. This report makes sense of specific issues that are sure issues and their effect on the general public. This report likewise clarifies with respect to the exercises gained from the whole conversation. Conversation Digital Terrorism Digital psychological oppression is an unlawful demonstration that happens over web. There is a political or national impact behind fear based oppressor exercises (Ahmad, Yunos Sahib, 2012). The internet is used by the digital fear based oppressors so as to increase unapproved access to important information. Digital psychological warfare can cause dread in the general public simply like any conventional fear based oppressor movement or assault. It can even reason passing. Digital psychological oppression is commonly arranged previously. Digital fear mongering consolidates psychological oppression with the internet. The association and communication among virtual and genuine world has been made conceivable by the utilization of ICT. The shortcomings present in the innovation can be abused by assailants so as to hurt the general public and country. Agitators, psychological militant associations just as Jihadists utilize web for arranging the assaults and spreading incorrectly messages in the country and society. Digital fear based oppression can likewise be identified with a PC extortion. These assailants get to data in an unlawful way and abuse these information to hurt the social, ideological, strict, and political targets. Refusal of administration assault produces second request impacts in the country however doesn't make a lot of dread among the individuals. On the off chance that media transmission frameworks are halted in an emergency period, at that point its effect is viewed as disastrous. The worldwide space present in the IT condition is known as the internet. Sharing significant information over the web can be hazardous as the digital fear mongers intend to abuse the vulnerabilities of innovation as opposed to assaulting with weapons. Various focuses of digital fear mongers are data arrangement of the administration, PC framework, petroleum treatment facilities just as information banks. Psychological warfare is a demonstration of spreading dread in the country. The worldwide space present in the IT condition is known as the internet (Torres Soriano, 2012). Digital methods the whole virtual space in web. Digital fear based oppression has certain highlights like the execution of this demonstration is totally done over web. The fear monger bunch intends to influence the political framework of the country. This demonstration either compromises viciousness or has a rough nature. Noteworthy job is played by a non state element. Connivance cells, people or associations can lead this demonstration of psychological warfare. These kinds of acts have mental repercussions. Difficulties and Problems Digital psychological oppression can cause pulverizing impact on the country. It has the ability to hurt the entire country since its foundations rely upon the PC systems and frameworks (Awan, 2014). It makes danger to the security of the country. The open strategies additionally get hurt due to digital fear based oppression. Specialized Impediments: Identity of the individuals can't be unveiled over the web and this forces trouble on the specialists when they attempt to follow a crime (PakObserver, 2017). The specialists face issue in distinguishing psychological oppressor action by utilizing web. Authoritative Aspect: There is nonattendance of a specific law that can address a demonstration of digital psychological oppression. Most laws neglect to fuse the mechanical component and use. Association: The associations would prefer not to impart data to different associations on account of the dread of digital psychological warfare (Bogdanoski Petreski, 2013). This will go about as a boundary in making organization between open just as private parts. Electric Power System: If the PC frameworks that are answerable for controlling the force framework are assaulted then it can close the force gracefully of the general public just as the country (Tehrani, Manap Taji, 2013). Military Operations: The data arrangement of the military can be hacked for taking important data that can aid the arranging of physical assault. Government Security: The digital fear based oppressors can hack the data arrangement of the legislature so as to hurt the country. Pertinent Technologies and its Applications in Cyber Terrorism Digital psychological oppressors utilize trend setting innovation to make dread. ICT assumes a significant job in helping quicker correspondence between various psychological oppressor gatherings. Web assumes a noteworthy job in digital fear based oppressor assaults. The psychological militant gatherings utilize web innovation to spread dread in the country (Abomhara, 2015). The psychological militants create pernicious programming for getting unapproved access to significant information (Luiijf, 2012). The Jihadists can utilize versatile innovation so as to spread promulgation viewing political just as ideological issues. PC frameworks are known for putting away significant information and in the event that the fear based oppressor bunches can hack into the framework, at that point they can abuse the information for their own motivation (Jarvis, Macdonald Nouri, 2014). Bluetooth innovation and utilization of web-based social networking stages additionally assume a huge job in digital psychological oppression. Innovative progressions aid the demonstration of digital psychological warfare. Cryptography can be utilized by the psychological militants for encoding important information and cause mischief to the legislature. They can conceal their character by the procedure of encryption. Steganography method can be utilized by the psychological oppressor to trade data by concealing it inside items. Issues Discussed The vulnerabilities in the innovation are abused by the digital fear based oppressors so as to hurt the country and state. They utilize cutting edge innovations to spread dread in the country (Manap Tehrani, 2012). The administration just as the military frameworks can likewise get hacked and abused by the aggressors (Chuipka, 2016). Digital fear mongering plans to make mental repercussions in the general public. The digital psychological oppressors have a political or ideological rationale. Cloud servers just as PC frameworks can get assaulted by pernicious codes that are created by the digital fear based oppressors. Significant Issues that are not tended to and its Impact Monetary issues were given primary significance yet there are a lot more issues identified with digital fear mongering like: Aviation authority: The framework that controls the air traffic can get assaulted and cause interruption to the whole tasks causing flight delays (Ackoski Dojcinovski, 2012). Water Supply System: The conduits of the dams can be assaulted by the digital psychological militant causing passing of a few people. The flexibly of water can likewise be halted due to digital psychological oppression. Medicinal services System: Cyber psychological militants have the capacity to assault the human services frameworks and upset the health awareness offices in the country and society (Harries Yellowlees, 2013). They are likewise ready to change and expel the wellbeing records of the patients. Significant Lessons ICT is picking up significance with time. There are a few focal points of ICT. The above conversation brought up the negative side of ICT. The internet has a few vulnerabilities that can be abused by the digital fear mongers to hurt the country. Different kinds of assaults are conceivable by utilizing the web innovation. Digital assault is unique in relation to digital psychological oppression. The point of digital psychological warfare is to spread dread in the country yet the point of digital assault is to take significant information from data frameworks. Digital psychological warfare utilizes touchy information to spread dread in the country just as the general public. Compromising messages can be spread by the digital fear based oppressors by utilizing trend setting innovations. Joining of solid security foundation will have the option to forestall such criminal operations. End This report reasons that cutting edge innovations assume critical job in digital fear based oppression. This report said that digital psychological oppression is a demonstration of spreading dread in the general public by utilizing the internet. Data framework can be influenced by these kinds of dangers. Digital psychological oppression combines fear based oppression with the internet. This sort of act is illegal and it influences the data frameworks and systems also. The worldwide area present in the IT condition is known as the internet. This report brought up that the psychological oppressor bunch expects to influence the political foundation of the country. Digital fear based oppression can cause destroying impact on the country. It has the ability to hurt the entire country since its frameworks rely upon the PC systems and frameworks. The significant difficulties lie in conquering the specialized vulnerabilities to stop digital psychological warfare. Bluetooth innovation and uti lization of online life stages additionally assume a critical job in digital fear based oppression. Digital fear mongers can utilize the strategy of cryptography just as Steganography to hurt the country. The legislature just as the military frameworks can likewise get hacked and abused by the assailants. This report likewise called attention to barely any significant issues like hacking the medicinal services frameworks, water flexibly frameworks just as airport regulation framework that can hurt the country. This report reasoned that consolidation of solid security framework will have the option to forestall such criminal operations. References Abomhara, M. (2015). Digital security and the web of things: vulnerabilities, dangers, in

Oedipus The King Essays (500 words) - Oedipus The King, Oedipus

Oedipus The King Oedipus the King: Appetite for Destruction Of the considerable number of disasters that Greek writer Sophocles made in his celebrated profession, the one that stands apart as his perfect work of art, and conceivably one of the best of all the Greek catastrophes is Oedipus the King. The catastrophe centers around the life and ruin of the heartbreaking King Oedipus, who was censured by the prophet at an early age to kill his dad and wed his mom. Notwithstanding the prophet's bleak forecast, Oedipus was liable for his own destruction because of his excessively glad and rash mentality, and his own acumen and industriousness. In the polis of Thebes, Oedipus was the lord as well as the saint of the network. The security and soundness of the network relied upon him and he was required to meet each pressing emergency with a conceivable arrangement. He was commended for acting unequivocally and settling on choices and afterward following up on them. With all his past achievements and accomplishments, Oedipus built up a solid feeling of certainty, which energized his over swelled inner self. Sadly, when conditions didn't turn out in support of himself, for example, in his contention with Tiresias the visually impaired prophet, Oedipus got unbending and would not see the issue on any one else's terms aside from his own. Oedipus just needed things to go the manner in which he figured they ought to go. Whatever held him up he attempted to defeat openly and with no trade off from the restricting party, which was represented in his contention before the royal residence with Creon over the homicide of the previous K ing Laius. At last his disposition of certainty without any trade offs added to his heartbreaking and pitiful end. As a rule, knowledge and constancy are important attributes to have, yet for Oedipus they added to his inevitable defeat. Oedipus was known for being incredibly savvy and was exceptionally skilled at unraveling questions. To win the option to be King of Thebes, Oedipus tackled a conundrum, which accordingly expelled a plague from the land. In the play, Oedipus is again confronted with another plague in his realm and this time the enigma was to find who killed King Laius. Utilizing his insight, he again understands the puzzle, however unfortunately for Oedipus he finds that he is the killer and he at last needs to rebuff himself for the wrongdoing. All through his inquiry all the individuals around him were encouraging him to utilize alert in his hunt, and even his better half Jocasta requested him to surrender his journey, refering to that the prophet was mixed up and w as a trick. Heartbreakingly, Oedipus would not bargain and he proceeded with his inquiry until at last his constancy in his mission prompted his defeat. Oedipus was a certain and wise ruler who buckled down for the individuals and would persevere relentlessly to spare his dearest Thebes and the individuals who lived there. Incidentally, it was those decent characteristics that eventually added to Oedipus bringing his destruction upon himself. Theater Essays

Community Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Network Nursing - Essay Example The arrangement proposes different estimates that would advance great wellbeing from a more extensive perspective. There are different qualities that are featured and regions where upgrades should be made and every one of these looks to have a wellbeing advancement program that will end up being a triumph. The encouraging system is to be started in a network where there are old individuals and people who can't deal with their wellbeing or the individuals who have no medical coverage. This instructing project would guarantee that the individuals from the network are blessed by the gods with the data they need so as to make them answerable for their own wellbeing. The task likewise addresses the sort of commitment that would prompt the real learning process occurring and the significant apparatuses that would be required for this venture to be a triumph. Key among the things illustrated in the arrangement is the assets that would be required for this sort of an endeavor only to have a procedure that is above board. Taking everything into account, the arrangement tends to the targets and points of this instructing program and what might be accomplished after such a respectable course. The study of disease transmission Rationale for the Topic The issue of way of life illnesses has been a significant worry for the network in Georgia. Diabetes has been the main ailment in the way of life sicknesses with corpulence being a key concern. ... With respect to the way of life illnesses, the older had malignant growth as a major test to those matured 65 or more. Diabetes was seen as a genuine test influencing everybody no matter how you look at it; the elderly individuals to more youthful individuals. Heftiness among the youngsters and smoking propensities was a significant reason for diabetes among the youngsters. For these earnest consideration must be started to help those effectively influenced and the individuals who are probably going to be influenced. Measurements from the wellbeing director of the Georgia community for illness control and anticipation in the territory of Georgia has given extremely stunning outcomes about individuals who are influenced by the way of life infections like diabetes (Stroup and Teutsch, 1998). The outcomes demonstrated that: 35% of the grown-ups in mature age had diabetes. 40% of the youthful grown-ups had diabetes 33% of the teenagers were diabetic and had corpulence with heart entangle ments 40% of those over the age of 65 years had malignancy ailment half of those in mature age around 75 years had coronary illness Evaluation of Teaching Experience The experience of educating in the network was an intriguing undertaking that truly made me fully aware of different prospects. From the outset, I believed that the experience would have been an intense one and I was exceptionally apprehensive sooner or later, as I didn't have the foggiest idea what would have been about my educating experience. My involvement with the network and cooperating with various gatherings of individuals was one that stayed painted in my brain for a very long time ever. The dread of the obscure indeed found me in an exceptional way as I set myself up for the educating exercise. The obligations which I was to show the individuals on the advantages of essential anticipation or wellbeing advancement, and I realized it was not going to be a simple undertaking despite the fact that I

The Limits of Sympathy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Individual, Organizational and Cultural Values Essay Individual, hierarchical and social qualities are normal way to deal with get strife or accomplishment in today worldwide business condition. With the undeniably globalized economy and atmosphere of multicultural workforce, associations is ceaselessly actualizing and setting up wanted basic beliefs to stay serious. This paper will examine how one can accommodate individual, authoritative and social qualities in worldwide settings. Individual qualities create when the individual begin to collaborate inside family, school or strict association. The followings are viewed as the center individual qualities throughout my life by and by: objectives situated, regard, mindful and reliable. Individual qualities will consistently be the establishment for every individual way of life. They are close to home conviction and theory for one to live by. Individual qualities shape our decisions, sway the choice about our capacity and how to treat ourselves as well as other people. Encounters and cooperations with outside units impact the qualities individuals regard imperative to them. Individual qualities become an individual bearing for individuals on the best way to live their lives. Ghosh (2008) clarifies â€Å"The people psychological good improvement stage decides how an individual ponders moral predicaments, their procedure of choosing what is good and bad in a circumstance. †(Ghosh, 2008). Authoritative qualities are set up decides and polices that every association accepts to be satisfactory and rationale, proficient and down to earth. Hierarchical qualities likewise give a premise to representative dynamic in the working environment. In my expert vocation, I have constantly define my objectives to build up the accompanying center authoritative qualities: dependability, unwavering quality, difficult work and responsibility. Fenton (2007) clarifies: â€Å"when associations articulate their qualities, they take what are believed to be shared, stable, and profoundly held convictions and impart them as gauges to control choices and activities, regularly with the plan of expanding profitability, improving efficiencies, and acting socially capable. † (Fenton, 2007). Discoveries in a Deloitte and Touche Ethics and Workplace study likewise uncover the fundamentally significant impact that administration and chiefs have in advancing moral working environment conduct by all laborers. (Verschoor, 2007). The previously mentioned overview clarifies: â€Å"Management and administration have a tremendous duty in setting models for their associations and living the qualities they lecture in the event that they need to continue a culture of morals. † (Verschoor, 2007) Similar to individual qualities, social qualities are profound established since youth. Social qualities are created in social legacy, customs and reflect mental, strict or otherworldly, and moral encounters. Social Values are firmly identified with individual qualities since they are created from the individual convention, legacy and cause. Social qualities contrast in a few levels: ethnicity, religion, association. Various societies decipher good and qualities diversely accordingly, influence singular communications in many level. The impact of social qualities significantly affects how individuals and associations work and settle on their choices. Social qualities influence activities in both individual and authoritative level Verschoor, C. (2007) review likewise found that over 91% of working grown-ups are bound to act morally grinding away when they have a decent harmony between their activity and their own life. It was said that nature of an employee’s individual life unequivocally impacts work fulfillment and related efficiency, the 2007 Deloitte and Touche Ethics and Workplace overview shows that work-life balance additionally advances moral conduct in the (Verschoor, 2007) Values are invigorating, persuading and moving. At the point when individuals care energetic about something they will encourage themselves with accomplishment Instilling and keeping up a qualities situated way to deal with morals in the work environment, together with concentrating on related work-life balance issues, ought to stay at the highest point of the plan of associations. Representative satisfaction is basic to consumer loyalty, great quality, high efficiency, low turnover, and different components that lead to prevalent corporate budgetary execution (Verschoor, 2007) Employees settle on choices in the working environment regularly reflecting worth judgment and having moral meanings. Corporate qualities are regularly utilized reciprocally with the idea of corporate culture. The standard worldview is that partnerships with solid positive societies have regulated a lot of corporate qualities. These qualities assist workers with relating to the association and build up a promise to its objectives (Ghosh, 2008). Taking everything into account, individual and social qualities have become center components in today worldwide economy. Associations figure and execute these guiding principle with the expectation to improve proficiency and profitability, and set up hierarchical qualities and measures to impart to all representatives. Individual and social qualities have a significant impact in individuals lives and associations, and unmistakably work execution. To have the option to discover a harmony between authoritative qualities and individual, social qualities is the answer for vocation satisfaction and life fulfillment.

e) Other

e) Other About a month ago, a parent asked me: What do all these majors switching/undeciding mean (My child is just as undecided.): a) There is no sustainingly intriguing enough major at MIT or elsewhere. b) If there is such a major, you havent found it. c) College education adds to your confusion, rather than clarifies it. d) College becomes just a motion, something you have to go through. e) Other (please specify). It took me a while to respond to this question its taken me a while to answer a lot of questions, but Im trying to catch up now that Im home, so please bear with me if I havent written back to you in the past few weeks. This particular question, however, stuck with me because all of the options seem to portray a certain pessimism that Ive been encountering a lot lately being away from school, especially at dinners with family friends that inevitably, after YOU USED TO BE SO CUTE! WHAT HAPPENED TO YOUR FACE??, roll around to this topic. Im loath to write about it because I feel choosing a major is more of a personal journey, and these blogs are supposed to apply to the general college applicant. At the same time, though, we aim to elucidate the lives of MIT students, and this subject has definitely been on my mind lately. (And by subject I mean aw-maaann-what-the-heck-am-I-doing.) MIT, as opposed to some universities both in the United States and internationally, does not insist that you declare a major when you apply. This is a luxury Im very grateful for, because while your college major doesnt necessarily have to be pre-professional, its basically one of your first few decisions that can be instrumental in the steps to what youre doing with your life. This is one of the reasons its such a difficult choice, but I think its often overlooked how easy it is to graduate high school without having developed the ability to make this kind of judgment. I know I certainly worked hard back then, but I was never forced to engage in the decision making process of where I was going to the degree that I am today. Im certainly not trying to pawn off my indecision entirely on our education system in many ways I was very lucky, because I got to take and experience a diverse selection of classes that covered a lot of academic bases. It was very easy to take all the challenging classes in math, science, English, history, without thinking about it, because the only thing I knew was that I wanted to be challenged. And while I liked some classes more than others it wasnt as if I was about to vote one off of the island that was my senior schedule, or Simon Cowell was in my brain going That was terrible, I mean, just awful. I never want to take that class again. I cannot stand it. Im allergic to it. The problem was that I never really engaged in my education during high school. Yet you get to college and you are presented with this wonderfully elusive thing, choice, and its a little tricky to know what to do with it. Especially since for all the rest of your education, you have suppressed your inner Simon Cowell; you have learned to learn and love everything, and it is absolutely possible to have too many choices. So what do you do with that? At the end of my freshman year, I went with chemistry because Id discovered I was secretly thrilled with organic reactions, and working through especially tough retrosynthetic analyses. Two weeks into my strictly-course-5 schedule, I yearned for academic diversity once again and readjusted my schedule to include biology and neuroscience. By the end of this semester, after many a battle and inner struggle, including one particularly tough week involving the stomach flu and drop date, neuroscience won out on top. In three succinct sentences, the last three months sound so simple. And this is where I run into problems expressing myself at these dinners with family friends and in writing the blog entry. It seems like such a simple path from A to B, from course 5 to course 9, but I dont think I can explain to you how much it was not. I could tell you that I enjoyed my neuroscience class more than organic chemistry II, and I did, but do what you love is never the only consideration, as much as your teachers and parents may tell you. There is never only one thing to consider, and this is where my advice to you, or my answer to this question, runs short the only one who can really specify answer choice e) is the person making the choice, and its different for everyone. What can you take away from this, then? I urge you to ask the questions, to actively participate in your education because its yours, and while your teachers teach the same things over and over again from year to year, you are the one who ultimately decides what to do with it. Ask yourself what it is about certain subjects that fascinate you. Ask questions of your teachers, of people you know in universities you aspire to go to, of people in majors that youre considering. Ask those family friends with professions you could never see yourself doing how they got where they got today. Like I said, its different for everyone. But I can say with certainty that all this major switching and indecision does not indicate something negative about you, or in this case your child. Find me an 18 or 19 year old who knows exactly how to get what they want in life and Ill convert, but to finish off a long answer to a short question, my answer is most certainly e). Switching gears completely- I owe you some pictures. Its the holiday season, which means its time to celebrate! Burton 1 celebrated with a floor formal, aka Floormal, on the last day of classes, for which we all became exceedingly attractive and went out to dinner, and then danced the night away in our floor lounge. Of course this means we took lots of prom-esque photos: And speaking of dancing, the weekend before our prom was MIT Dance Troupes fall dance show, Against the Music, which featured a variety of different dance styles from hip hop to jazz: These lovely photos came from my talented friend Ben 11s camera, of which you can see more (and by more I mean 1000+) here (see if you can find me!). Heres just a sample: The Angela Monster keeps writing me to say I read your blog when I miss you!, so since I wont be back in Boston until tomorrow morning, Im writing in hopes that we wont miss each other so much. :) But also, for you. Ive missed you. Howve you been? Howre the kids doing? Glad to hear it. Hope you had an excellent new years! My new years resolution was to try and blog every week well see how long that one lasts. (Also, to beat Expert on Guitar Hero over IAP.) Post Tagged #Burton-Conner House

Essay Starters to Catch Your Readers

You don’t need us to tell you what you have already heard zillions of times in your life; first impressions are the most lasting. We will, however, enlighten you with the fact that the same rule applies to your essays. When it comes to penning down pieces of writing, you have to make sure the opening lines the starter of the essay or the introduction is gripping. The beginning of the essay sets the tone for readers, and at that moment, they make a subconscious decision to go on reading or not. It is an art that needs to be mastered: if you want your professor to grade you well in your essay, then win them over with the help of a transfixing starter. Here’s how you can do it: Literary Quotes We have never said you have to be the one to draft a hooking starter. There’s no harm in borrowing words from some of the literary masterpieces. These kinds of starters are actually perfect for English essays when writing about an author. However, it can be incorporated in all kinds of subjects; just make sure they are relevant. For instance, these quotes can be used to propel the reader forward, hint to the fact that the essay is shedding a positive light on life, or the fact that always comes back to us. â€Å"Its the possibility of having a dream come true that makes life interesting.† – Alchemist â€Å"And so we beat on, boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past.† – The Great Gatsby A Mysterious Start Curiosity prompts people to do the riskiest and most dangerous things in life, while here, you just need to use it to make them like your essay. It is not necessary to give away the subject matter at the very beginning of the essay. You can start the essay with a baffling or mysterious hook, and let readers turn page after page to get to the bottom of it. For instance: Who’d have thought that a single decision made by Oscar Wilde will change his life forever? It’s strange, that not many people know about it, not even now, centuries later†¦. Eye Openers Tell people something they don’t know, or something they have been stumbling at for their whole lives. The kind of facts that most people get wrong usually surprises them and makes them read the essay ahead, looking for information and explanation. For example: Did you know that Courage the Cowardly Dog’s season 4 episode 07 was based on themes such as misandry, prostitution, domestic abuse, and even rape? Don’t you wonder how that happened without anyone noticing, given the fact that their target audience is kids? Anecdotes Anecdotes will help you add some spice to your essays. This works particularly well for essays with a very boring subject matter. The anecdote doesn’t even have to be directly related to the topic nor does it have to set the tone for the rest of the essay. It can be used as one of the essay starters to help the writer spark the readers’ interest. One example of such beginning is: Four years ago, my life was ruined. I was half-dead, lying in a hospital bed, with no money and no one by my side. I had officially hit rock bottom because of drugs. Using these starters, students can convince their professors of the thoughtfulness that they put into their essays, and well, you know, getting some good grades isn’t too bad either.

Sarah Lawrence College Acceptance Rate, SAT/ACT Scores, GPA

Sarah Lawrence College is a private liberal arts college with an acceptance rate of 56%. Founded in 1926 and considered one of the leading liberal arts colleges in the country, Sarah Lawrence is located just north of New York City in Yonkers, New York. The college has an impressive 9-to-1  student/faculty ratio. Considering applying to Sarah Lawrence College? Here are the admissions statistics you should know, including average SAT/ACT scores and GPAs of admitted students. Acceptance Rate During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, Sarah Lawrence had an acceptance rate of 56%. This means that for every 100 students who applied, 56 students were admitted, making Sarah Lawrences admissions process competitive. Admissions Statistics (2017-18) Number of Applicants 3,325 Percent Admitted 56% Percent Admitted Who Enrolled (Yield) 23% SAT Scores and Requirements Sarah Lawrence has a test-optional standardized testing policy. Applicants to Sarah Lawrence may submit SAT or ACT scores to the school, but they are not required to do so. During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 46% of admitted students submitted SAT scores. SAT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile ERW 640 730 Math 600 690 ERW=Evidence-Based Reading and Writing This admissions data tells us that of those students who submitted scores during the 2017-18 admissions cycle, most of  Sarah Lawrences admitted students fall within the  top 20% nationally  on the SAT. For the evidence-based reading and writing section, 50% of students admitted to Sarah Lawrence scored between 640 and 730, while 25% scored below 640 and 25% scored above 730. On the math section, 50% of admitted students scored between 600 and 690, while 25% scored below 600 and 25% scored above 690. While the SAT is not required, this data tells us that a composite SAT score of 1420 or higher is competitive for Sarah Lawrence. Requirements Sarah Lawrence College does not require SAT scores for admission. For students who choose to submit scores, note that Sarah Lawrence participates in the scorechoice program, meaning that the admissions office will consider your highest score from each individual section across all SAT test dates. Sarah Lawrence does not require the essay section of the SAT. ACT Scores and Requirements Sarah Lawrence has a test-optional standardized testing policy. Applicants may submit SAT or ACT scores to the school, but they are not required to do so. During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 26% of admitted students submitted ACT scores. ACT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile Composite 27 32 This admissions data tells us that of those who submitted scores during the 2017-18 admissions cycle, most of Sarah Lawrences admitted students fall within the  top 14% nationally  on the ACT. The middle 50% of students admitted to Sarah Lawrence received a composite ACT score between 27 and 32, while 25% scored above 32 and 25% scored below 27. Requirements Note that Sarah Lawrence does not require ACT scores for admission. For students who choose to submit scores, Sarah Lawrence participates in the scorechoice program, meaning that the admissions office will consider your highest score from each individual section across all ACT test dates. Sarah Lawrence does not require the ACT writing section. GPA In 2017, the average GPA for incoming Sarah Lawrence freshmen was 3.71. This information suggests that most successful applicants to Sarah Lawrence College have primarily A grades. Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph Sarah Lawrence College Applicants Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph. Data courtesy of Cappex. The admissions data in the graph is self-reported by applicants to Sarah Lawrence College. GPAs are unweighted. Find out how you compare to accepted students, see the real-time graph, and calculate your chances of getting in with a free Cappex account. Admissions Chances Sarah Lawrence College, which accepts over half of applicants, has a competitive admissions pool. However, Sarah Lawrence also has a  holistic admissions  process and is test-optional, so admissions decisions are based on much more than numbers. A strong  application essay and optional supplemental essay, and  glowing letters of recommendation  can strengthen your application, as can participation in meaningful  extracurricular activities  and a  rigorous course schedule. The college is looking for students who will contribute to the campus community in meaningful ways, not just students who show promise in the classroom. While not required, Sarah Lawrence offers optional  interviews  for interested applicants. Students with particularly compelling stories or achievements can still receive serious consideration even if their grades are outside of Sarah Lawrences average range. In the graph above you can see that most admitted students had high school averages of B or higher (the green and blue dots represent accepted students). Standardized test scores also tended to be well above average. Admitted students typically had SAT composite scores above 1200 and ACT composite scores of 25 or higher. Note that there are some red dots (rejected students) and yellow dots (waitlisted students) throughout the graph. Some students with grades that were on target for Sarah Lawrence were not admitted. On the flip side, some students were accepted with grades a bit below the norm. This is because admission to Sarah Lawrence is based on much more than numerical data. If You Like Sarah Lawrence College, You May Also Like These Schools: Boston UniversityWesleyan UniversitySmith CollegeSwarthmore CollegeVassar CollegeBrown UniversitySarah Lawrence College All admissions data has been sourced from the National Center for Education Statistics and Sarah Lawrence College Undergraduate Admissions Office.

The Value Of Hard Work - 1017 Words

Anh Hoang Professor King ENG 101 12 Dec 2015 The Value of Hard Work Essentially, the concept of one’s ability to participate in manual labor has been juxtaposed with strength and endurance. However, it is not considerable to say that white-collar are always â€Å"weaker† than other labors because a person needs both the effectiveness in physical works and the mental effort that he/she gives in order to be successful on works. With this belief, I will analyze three opinions about hard work in Crawford, Braaksma, and Colon works. To begin, manual workers play an important role in the world. In his essay â€Å"The Psychic Satisfaction of Manual Works†, Crawford describes himself as a household electrician whose work mostly â€Å"got covered up inside walls† (212). This work seems not to be interesting at all, but he still takes this position with pride because he believes his work has â€Å"a social currency†. In other words, Crawford understands that his job as an electrician is needed by many people, and he works not only to better himself but also to enjoy his favorable work, as a craftsmanship who â€Å"consist only in the desire to do something well, for its own sake.† (212). He sees his manual work valuable and comfortable to him, and he hopes that others, especially one who has the same job with him understand the valuable of manual works. Because manual labors are in front of reality judgement as all of their failures or shortcomings are interpreted, they have the right to be proud ofShow MoreRelatedHard Work Value1670 Words   |  7 PagesThe belief in hard work and its rewards is a universal American value. Born of one of America’s foundational mythologies, that all men are created equal, hard work is thought to be the key to securing financial and social success. When all are equal, so the argument goes, success depends not on the circumstances of one’s birth—race, class, gender or geography—but on one’s natural talents and willingness to work hard. Within this meritocratic framework, hard work, not opportunity, is the primary determinerRead MoreThe Importance Of A Quality Trait That I Value Is Hard Work936 Words   |  4 PagesA quality trait that I value is hard work. Many things that have obtained throughout my life were not given to me by chance or luck, but through a series of commitments and dedications. Below I will present some moments of my life that helped me develop my work ethic. At age 10, I was diagnosed with Tuberculosis. During this period of my life, I went from being a child with a normal lifestyle, to a child whose life was being tested at an early age. I remember I had to take about 9 different medicationRead MoreThe Values Of Hard Work, Family Unity, And Frugalness Have Shaped My Family1996 Words   |  8 PagesThe values of hard work, family unity, and frugalness have shaped my family’s lifestyle. One of the insecurities I have had in my relationship with my father is feeling like his love was conditional. In nonverbal ways, he would demonstrate to me that I would need to work hard at school, receive great grades, and always be on my best behavior to earn his love. Now, as an adult, I know people should love me solely on who I am as a person. Yet, it has been challenging for me to have this new point ofRead MoreThe Role Of Achievement Motivation1732 Words   |  7 Pagesof the impediments, and X-ray the human variables in realizing this obj ective. Hence, â€Å"The role of achievement motivation in industrial development in Nigeria†. Volumes of literatures were reviewed, and data was collected and analyzed. The research work was aimed at finding out the extent to which the need for achievement motivation, the intrinsic and autocentric self-directed enthusiasm from childhood could be instrumental to industrial growth and development. The approach therefore, takes departureRead MoreEssay On Patriotism944 Words   |  4 PagesAffordable Care Act and due to the lessons she learned at the Naval Academy (Yeager). McGrath explains and recounts these values in her viral campaign video â€Å"Told Me†. The advertisement Told Me persuades the viewers to vote for Amy McGrath by appealing obviously to the value of patriotism, but more subtly to the values of nontraditional gender roles and hard work. The value of patriotism is obviously seen through the images presented in the advertisement. Throughout the advertisement, Amy McGrathRead MoreThe First Edition Of The Mcguffey Readers By William Holmes Mcguffey1692 Words   |  7 Pagesdevout Presbyterian, raised in 19th century America. These schoolbooks outline the values and expectations of a society built upon a Christian base on the brink of industrialization. Societal relationships were built upon concepts taught in the Readers. The events of industrialization, and immigration will challenge these guidelines and contain interesting results for the use of the Readers morals within society. These values cause the tensions amongst economic groups within the industrialization of AmericaRead MoreMy Family And Education Is Important For Your Future1221 Words   |  5 Pagessociety that contradicts the values of my family is homosexuality. As mentioned above, religion is a large part of my family, therefore, homosexuality is not pa rt of the catholic religion. With that being said my family has a strong opinion and belief about same sex relationships. The second theme compliments my family’s values and that is getting and education. In broader culture getting and education is important for your future and in my family they believe in the same value. I also believe that thereRead MoreRugby Vs. Football Club Team Essay1334 Words   |  6 PagesWhen most people think of rugby they usually do not automatically think about values and social issues. In reality, rugby is directly connected to many simple yet important values and social issues in the world today. Rugby is not a very popular sport in the United States, as it is overshadowed by sports such as football and basketball. Rugby is an intense game, similar to football, played without pads and helmets, in which players are scrambling to keep control of the always live ball and scoreRead MoreSocial Welfare : The Protestant Work Ethic And The Spirit Of C apitalism995 Words   |  4 PagesProtestant Work Ethic and Foucault’s analysis of power structures and the welfare state. The support systems in place to ensure that the poorest and most vulnerable members of society are able to survive have been the subject of increasing scrutinisation and hostility as we have entered the 21st Century. This hostility to social welfare can be seen in the intense backlash against the Affordable Care Act in America, and the current ethos permeating Australian culture that it is better to work in demeaningRead MoreCulture Is It Anyway, Culture, Values, Attitudes, And Traditions902 Words   |  4 PagesCulture has been defined as the knowledge, values, attitudes, and traditions that guide the behavior of a group of people and allow them to solve the problems of living in their environment. Beyond this standard definition, I believe that culture is a conglomeration of the things we adopt from our families, friends, peers, and other members of o ur community. As Reyes stated in her article â€Å"Whose culture is it anyway,† culture extends to all individuals, including those considered â€Å"of the norm† within

Inclusion Of Students With Disabilities - 2882 Words

One of the most current trends of education, in the American Public School, is the move toward full inclusion of students with disabilities. There has been a rapid rise in the number of students with disabilities who are spending their school day in a general education classroom under the guise of full inclusion. The practice of inclusion came about as a â€Å"natural outgrowth of the Mainstreaming movement,† during the 1960 s (Fruchter). Inclusion is based on the â€Å"rights of the students and the social benefits† that they receive from being in a general education classroom (Fruchter). There are many who see this as a solution to the problem of how to best educate children with disabilities. On the other hand, there are those who believe that†¦show more content†¦How best to do this? To fully understand the issue of inclusion, in the American Public School, one must examine the history of inclusion; the laws regarding the education of students with disabilities; and what some of the experts in education have to say about it. After a full examination of the facts can one decide which is most beneficial and appropriate in the education of students with disabilities today: to fully include students with disabilities in the general education classroom or not. Due to the society-viewing students with disabilities as burdens, advocates have been pushing for separate funding for their special education services. There are movements, which have gone ahead to block the grants on these programs. They argue that the â€Å"students with disabilities should not be treated† (Collins). This has raised concerns as to whether they are going to continue having full access to the special attention they need in these institutions. Students with disabilities, according to IDEA, are â€Å"entitled to the special education program† (Winzer). Public schools practice mainstreaming due to the lack of enough resources and therefore students here lack the necessary â€Å"exposure to achieve their maximum potential† (Srivastava). Many researchers have advocated for the separation of the two categories of students. However, many argue that educational inclusion (i.e. educating the children with disabilities

Gaming Communities And The Gaming Community - 2403 Words

Title: Gaming communities Name: Subject Name: Instructor’s Name: Date: Gaming community is a type of community whose members have a common interest. Gaming community is contrary to social communities where members may exhibit different interests. Over time, computer games have grown contributing greatly to the growth of online gaming communities. In this regard, these gaming communities may be divided into two; game specific community and general gaming community (Ahmed, 2010). Game-specific communities mainly focus on a particular single game. Everything in this community is specific to that particular single game. Therefore, discussions in these forums tend to be more specific and related to a particular game. On the other hand, general gaming community encompasses various games in one forum. This type of the gaming community tends to attract many members who can then engage on a general discussion on various games. In this kind of communities, it is also common to find demo games presented before the real game is played. With time passing on, the num ber of gaming community members is increasing throughout the world (Herald, 2014). According to Victorian Casino and Gaming Authority (1997), this gaming community operates on a number of ways. In every gaming community, there are three basic features of a gaming community within which it derives its method of operation. They include chats, forums and profiles. Just like any other software product. Before individualsShow MoreRelatedGaming as a Community978 Words   |  4 PagesGaming as a Community Now that technological companies all over the world have set most of the seven billion individuals in the world with a computer, smartphone or tablet, it is time for better software to use with them. This is where games come in. Electronic Arts CEO John Riccitiello stated in a recent interview that PC gaming is the ‘fastest growing platform’. This shows the growing interest in gaming bearing in mind that gamers also have the means to play on. The term ‘gamer’ refers toRead MoreSteam: The Largest Software and Gaming Community Hub755 Words   |  3 PagesSteam is the largest software and gaming community hub ever used to distribute video games and related media online. Steam makes up over 75% of all computer game sales and as of 2012 Steam now offers software for music creation, video editing, video game creation, and much more on top of the 3,000 games they have in the ‘cloud’ as well. Steam provides its users, which includes over 75 milli on people, with automatic content management, an interactive profile, friends, groups, chats, networking, matchRead MoreVideo Games And Its Effects On The World Of The Gaming Community1415 Words   |  6 Pages The major publishing and development houses in video games seem to be running out of ideas – at least, in the eyes of the gaming community (Community.us.playstation.com 2014). Every year, the market gets more and more saturated with sequels for games. (IGN 2015) These can be relatively innocent games, like those in the Mario franchise (or, indeed, much of the Nintendo universe); they can be more problematic games, like the Call of Duty franchise, infamous for having players much younger than theRead MoreMapping the Issue Essay1241 Words   |  5 PagesMarch 2012 Thomas Tutt What Makes a Community Worth Gaming for Dear friends and students of UTA, I humbly come to you with a simple argument, one that is close to my heart. Though it may sound trivial, the argument has been raging on for three decades, and has grown to a nation wide debate. The question: is there such thing as a gaming community? Again, the question may sound inconsequential, but consider this fellow Mavericks, what makes a community? Is it just a group of people meeting andRead MoreCrown, Australia s Largest Entertainment And Resorts Group1417 Words   |  6 Pagesservice, quality dining and shopping experiences, and world-class gaming and entertainment facilities. CSR Policies and Strategies And discuss to whom the organization have responsibilities to? And list the successful aspects Crown Resorts established a dedicated CSR Board Committee lead by Helen Coonan. The board supports and promotes the continuous growth and improvement in Crowns CSR strategies. Crown has a commitment to the communities they serve. While they have always focused on creating valueRead MoreBuilding an Online Community1626 Words   |  7 PagesBuilding an Online Community Contents Vision and Mission Statement 3 Tagline 3 Background 3 Portal Outline 4 User Created Content 4 Web Portal Design 5 Discussion Forums 5 File Hosting 6 Search 6 Conclusion 6 Bibliography 7 Vision and Mission Statement The vision of Net Gamers Central is to become the paramount community web portal in the world of online gaming, providing large amounts of useful information as well as integral services to the online community. The Net GamersRead MoreThe Impact Of Gambling On The Australian Community1291 Words   |  6 Pages1. Introduction The gambling industry is big business in Australia, with Australians losing $15 billion on gambling last year (Tasmanian Gaming Commission, 2003). The industry has grown substantially in the last twenty years following the widespread introduction and legalisation of casinos and gaming machines. The proportion of household disposable income directed towards gambling has escalated, as has the amount of taxation revenue provided to governments from gambling. A number of parallels haveRead MoreMedia Review Of Online Games789 Words   |  4 PagesThe gaming community leans towards the Internet as their primary source of information. Most of the community-based sources are found online through websites and social media; these resources consist of current news relating to the industry, opinions, gameplay strategies, and background stories on games. Aside from media sites and blogging, gamers use YouTube, Reddit, Twitter, and Facebook for information and entertainment purposes. Through thes e sites, gamers post videos, interact with players,Read MoreGender Roles : Women And Society897 Words   |  4 Pagesalways wonder how our society would be impacted if women have become gamers. In our society today, men are not the only gamers anymore. In many instances now, one can see women play a game that only men used to play once. Women s participation in gaming has led to several changes in the family and society. Since women now started to play video games, this changes our society as a whole. The question that arises is, since there are women gamers, how does this affect gender roles within our familiesRead MoreThe History Of Video Gaming1218 Words   |  5 PagesThe history of video gaming goes back to the 1940’s when academics began designing simple games, simulations and artificial intelligence programs for computer science research. The first video game was invented in 1947 by Thomas T. Goldsmith Jr. and Esti Ray Mann in the United States (James n.d.). Mainstream popularity of this industry only occurred four decades ago, in the 1970’s, with gaming beginning to revolutionize in all forms. Many university graduates and businesses were becoming intrigued

The Act of Manipulation Is to Control or Influence Someone Free Essays

The act of manipulation is to control or influence someone or a situation. Throughout all of history there are many examples of manipulation enacted by a person in higher position. George Orwell captures the act of government manipulation in his literary work Nineteen Eighty-Four. We will write a custom essay sample on The Act of Manipulation Is to Control or Influence Someone or any similar topic only for you Order Now The predominant type of manipulation in Nineteen Eighty-Four is psychological. The government uses brainwashing, fear of thought, and fear of the party to control the psychological state of society. George Orwell demonstrated the technique of brainwashing demonstrated throughout the whole novel. George Orwell introduces the reader to the idea of brainwashing when ‘Two Minutes of Hate,† a daily two-minute period is aired on large telescreens throughout the city and in every home. â€Å"Two Minutes of Hate† a strategy for brainwashing used by the party, presents the party’s greatest enemy. A terrible sound accompanies Goldstein’s image in order to trigger people’s feelings of frustration, and therefore sight of Goldstein becomes implanted in the brain associating the two senses with a negative concept, therefore allowing the government to control societies psychological feelings. Another example of brainwashing is evident when the party forces Winston, the main character, to face his fear of rats. Rats are used to intensify Winston’s fear forcing him to a point of breaking his spirit of independence. Winston surrenders and lets go of all his personal emotion. George Orwell explains how the use of brainwashing by the government has allowed them to convince society that 2+2=5. Government can psychologically control society by brainwashing the people. How to cite The Act of Manipulation Is to Control or Influence Someone, Essay examples

Teen Smoking (1383 words) Essay Example For Students

Teen Smoking (1383 words) Essay Teen SmokingProblems With Teen Smoking in AmericaTeen smoking is a serious problem in the United States because the tobacco industry targets teenagers with their persuasive advertising. We see often in public places, teenagers who are standing around, smoking cigarettes. Recently, there has been legislation that has been turned down by Republicans in Congress, which was supposed to send a strong message to the tobacco industry. While this legislation was turned down, President Bill Clinton has vowed to continue his efforts to lower the rates of teen smoking. Yes, this problem steadily increases and the age groups become younger, but the problem will get worse if Congress does not try to target the tobacco industry. Many teen smokers take up smoking as a daily habit. The number of teen smokers has increased to 73 percent between 1988 and 1996. This percentage was proposed on October 8, 1998. More than 1.2 million Americans under the age of eighteen started smoking daily in 1996, up from an estimated 708,000 in 1988. The rate teens become teen smokers has also increased up to fifty percent. In 1996, 77 out of every 1, 000 nonsmoking teens picked up the habit. In 1988, the rate was 51 per 1,000. The study was based on surveys of 78,330 Americans between the ages of 12 and 66 conducted by the CDC between 1994 and 1997. They asked if they ever had a daily smoking habit and if so, when they started. They were also asked when they smoked their first cigarette. There have been recent studies that prove that increasing the prices of tobacco will reduce the number of teen smokers. The tobacco companies know that increasing the price of tobacco will decrease teen smoking. Tobacco companies deny that they are increasing the prices of tobacco, but they still continue to recruit new smokers who are young. An estimated 420,000 teenagers were prevented from becoming smokers due to price increases in tobacco. The tobacco industry, on the other hand, is conducting a multi-million dollar campaign disinforming the public that they are not increasing prices to reduce teen smoking. There have been numerous economic researches in peer-reviewed journals about price increases in tobacco. Research proves in these documented journals that increase in the price of cigarettes will reduce teen smoking by seven percent. The tobacco industry is almost fully reliant on teenagers. According to a web site sponsored by the American Lung Association of Gulf Coast Florida, those who die from smoking each year, plus those who quit the daily habit, are replaced by one million teenagers who begin smoking annually (?American Lung Association?). The tobacco industry has its own words to say about price increase on cigarettes. The industry claims that price increases are disastrous and ineffective for the tobacco industry and other industries. The Secretary of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services sponsored a Tobacco Bill to ban all advertisements of cigarettes and an effort to help stop teen smoking. The Republicans in Congress turned it down. It was turned down because it was too expensive. The cost of this bill would have cost an estimated $52 billion dollars a year to send out strong messages to these tobacco companies. I think that it should have been used because there are so many other things t hat our nations budget spends on each year that does not seem as important. Teen smoking is a real serious issue because later on these teenagers will have some serious health problems. I see my friends smoking and I tell them that it will cause some serious health problems for them in the future. After the defeat of the tobacco bill in the senate, President Clinton scolded Senate Republicans for ?Walking away from its obligation to our children? (qtd. in Kaleidoscope Interactive). He also called for the Department of Health and Human Services to conduct an annual national survey of the cigarette brands most frequently used by teenagers. ?Im instructing the Department of Health and Human services to produce the first-ever annual survey on the brands of cigarettes teenagers smoke, and which companies are most responsible for the problem?(qtd. in Kaleidoscope Interactive). Parents should know of this problem and they should also have the right to know. Public health officials can use this information to reduce teen smoking and to raise awareness of the problem. .u9b26b7f0728006f6e5107a193c9948d9 , .u9b26b7f0728006f6e5107a193c9948d9 .postImageUrl , .u9b26b7f0728006f6e5107a193c9948d9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9b26b7f0728006f6e5107a193c9948d9 , .u9b26b7f0728006f6e5107a193c9948d9:hover , .u9b26b7f0728006f6e5107a193c9948d9:visited , .u9b26b7f0728006f6e5107a193c9948d9:active { border:0!important; } .u9b26b7f0728006f6e5107a193c9948d9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9b26b7f0728006f6e5107a193c9948d9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9b26b7f0728006f6e5107a193c9948d9:active , .u9b26b7f0728006f6e5107a193c9948d9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9b26b7f0728006f6e5107a193c9948d9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9b26b7f0728006f6e5107a193c9948d9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9b26b7f0728006f6e5107a193c9948d9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9b26b7f0728006f6e5107a193c9948d9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9b26b7f0728006f6e5107a193c9948d9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9b26b7f0728006f6e5107a193c9948d9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9b26b7f0728006f6e5107a193c9948d9 .u9b26b7f0728006f6e5107a193c9948d9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9b26b7f0728006f6e5107a193c9948d9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Role of superior court judges EssayThe survey was part of the $516 billion measure revoked by Republican Senate leaders. It was supposed to be used to enforce penalties against tobacco companies that did not succeed in reducing teen smoking to levels set in the legislation. President Clinton called out the tobacco companies, which have angrily opposed this survey. ?Once this information becomes public, companies will then no longer be able to evade accountability, and neither will congress,? stated by Bill Clinton in an interview with the press outside the oval office (qtd. in Kaleidoscope Interactive). ?From now on the new data will help to hold tobacco companies accounta ble for targeting children (qtd. in Kaleidoscope Interactive). The President cannot levy fines against the tobacco industry with out approval from Congress, however, he is confident that the survey will help his Congressional allies more information against the tobacco industry. If the survey is used, it will show that teens prefer particular brands, one brand to another. It will then be used as evidence that a particular manufacturer is marketing to teens, which is illegal. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said tobacco ads that rely on giveaways and childish cartoons were to blame. Advertising persuades teens to buy cigarettes. Since the Joe Camel Cartoon, Camel brand cigarette share of teen smokers has increased from 0.5 percent to 32.8 percent. About 30 percent of three-year-olds and 90 percent of six-year-olds recognize Joe Camel and associate him with Camel Cigarettes. The Tobacco Institute and R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, the maker of Camel Cigarettes and creator of Joe Camel, had no comment. The tobacco industry has insisted it does not target teen-agers with its advertising. Daily smoking rates begin increasing steadily again in 1988, the same year R. J. Reynolds introduced Joe Camel in advertising for Camel cigarettes, the CDC said. Joe Camel was retired in 1997, after it was used for a bad example for cigarette marketing aimed at children by critics, including President Bill Clinton. I had a recent interview with a student at Worth County High School. His name is Scott Ferguson. He was a former classmate and a friend. He smoked while I was in high school. I asked him did he still smoke, and he said that he did. I asked him for how long and he said that he had been smoking since he was thirteen. I asked him what brand of cigarette he smoked, and he said that he smoked Marlboro Lights. I asked him why does he smoke, and he replied by saying, ?I started when I was young and now I just cant stop? (Ferguson, Oct. 12, 1999). Teen smoking is a serious problem. I would like to see teenagers who are not smoking. I would like to hear that Congress has approved of the Tobacco Bill and not some other less important bill. This problem will continue to get worse if the tobacco industry does not stop its persuasive advertising. BibliographyChildrens access to Tobacco Kills. 3 Feb. 1999. American Lung Association of Gulf Coast Florida. President Takes Another Shot at Teen Smoking. 22 Jun. 1999. Kaleidoscope Interactive. Reducing Teen Smoking. 10 Jul 1998. Tobaco Free Kids?. Bynum, Russ. CDC: Joe Camel Years See Jump in Teen Smoking. 9 Oct. 1998. BibliographyChildrens access to Tobacco Kills. 3 Feb. 1999. American Lung Association of Gulf Coast Florida. President Takes Another Shot at Teen Smoking. 22 Jun. 1999. Kaleidoscope Interactive. Reducing Teen Smoking. 10 Jul 1998. Tobaco Free Kids?. Bynum, Russ. CDC: Joe Camel Years See Jump in Teen Smoking. 9 Oct. 1998. Schaler, Jeffrey, and Magda E. Schaler. Smoking: Who Has the Right?. Amherst, NY: Promethus Books, 1998. Swisher, Karin. Smoking?Laws and Legislation. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 1995Bender, David L. Opposing Viewpoints on Chemical Dependency. St Paul, ME: Greenhaven Press, 1985. .u3cfe234959cd363cc36baadda1127149 , .u3cfe234959cd363cc36baadda1127149 .postImageUrl , .u3cfe234959cd363cc36baadda1127149 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3cfe234959cd363cc36baadda1127149 , .u3cfe234959cd363cc36baadda1127149:hover , .u3cfe234959cd363cc36baadda1127149:visited , .u3cfe234959cd363cc36baadda1127149:active { border:0!important; } .u3cfe234959cd363cc36baadda1127149 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3cfe234959cd363cc36baadda1127149 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3cfe234959cd363cc36baadda1127149:active , .u3cfe234959cd363cc36baadda1127149:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3cfe234959cd363cc36baadda1127149 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3cfe234959cd363cc36baadda1127149 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3cfe234959cd363cc36baadda1127149 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3cfe234959cd363cc36baadda1127149 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3cfe234959cd363cc36baadda1127149:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3cfe234959cd363cc36baadda1127149 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3cfe234959cd363cc36baadda1127149 .u3cfe234959cd363cc36baadda1127149-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3cfe234959cd363cc36baadda1127149:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Media Violence EssayFerguson, Scott. Personal interview. 12 Oct 1999.

Formation Of Hawaiin Islands Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Formation Of Hawaiin Islands Essay, Research Paper The Formation of the Hawaiian Island Chain The Hawaiian Islands are one of the most beautiful and popular island ironss in the universe. Millions of tourers visit the islands every twelvemonth to see the great hoarded wealths that they have to offer. Peoples see Hawaii as an ideal holiday topographic point for many grounds including ; a twelvemonth round tropical clime, the exuberant flora, and the legion black sand beaches. However, the Hawaiian Islands are non merely reasonably to look at. The Islands possess alone geological facets that make it possible for the islands to hold these desirable features. The Hawaiian Islands were non pieces of a continent that drifted out to sea, but were really created by vents in the center of the Pacific Ocean. The procedure in which this concatenation of island is formed is rather challenging and complex. The different stairss include the presence of a hot topographic point, the outgrowth of an pelagic vent, the home base tectonics of the part, the submerging of the older vents, and the kineticss of the active Hawaiian vents. Hawaii consists of many vents that were produced by a characteristic known as the Hawaiian hot topographic point. A hot topographic point, or plume, is a big column of magma, liquefied lava, which rises from deep within the Earth s asthenosphere ( Monroe 332 ) . The magma that comes out of these columns is so hot that it can run through the bed of Earth on top of the asthenosphere, called the mantle, and through the Earth s crust ( the top bed of the Earth ) . There are merely 40 known hot musca volitanss that exist today. Hot musca volitanss can be found under a continent or an ocean, at a mid-ocean ridge and even in the centre of a home base, like the Hawaiian hot topographic point ( Duxbury 78 ) . Each hot topographic point channels hot stuff at its ain alone clip intervals. Hot musca volitanss are by and large stationary, nevertheless ; their places may alter somewhat. A typical hot topographic point has a life span of approximately ten million old ages ( Duxbury 78 ) . They are great beginnings of new stuff for the Earth s crust and can make, non merely one, but a concatenation of islands. The outgrowth of an pelagic vent is merely the beginning of an island concatenation. When a hot topographic point is active it will force magma up to the crust above, to make a volcanic extremum if on land, or seamount if in H2O. The primary vents on each of the Hawaiian islands are called shield vents. They are described as gently spilling mountains, looking much like the outer surface of a shield prevarication on the land. They are created by legion lava flows that easy spread out and indurate in really thin beds ( Rubin 1 ) . After the edifice of bed upon bed the vents finally cut through the surface of the ocean organizing an island ( Rubin 2 ) . The eruptions of shield vents tend to hold a quiet, smooth spring of midst, fluxing magma instead than a sudden detonation ( Duxbury 73 ) . However, on juncture, some of the Hawaiian vents, such as Kilauea, have produced big detonations. Explosions normally merely occur when the magma mixes with groundwater, making instant vaporisation. Some of Hawaii s shield vents have lava fountains that spew up from the top of the vent that can make every bit high as 400 metres ( Monroe 89 ) . The mean Hawaiian vent can stay active for 100s of 1000s of old ages before being carried off from its hot topographic point by the traveling Pacific home base ( Rubin 2 ) . The volcanic activity within the sea around the islands is believed to be a factor in the fact that the surrounding Waterss are about 83 grades F twelvemonth unit of ammunition. The home base tectonics of the Hawaiian Island part play a major function in the formation of this alone island concatenation. As the hot topographic point signifiers and fuels a vent, the Pacific home base is continuously traveling westward. Since hot musca volitanss are stationary the traveling home base carries the vent with it, cutting off the changeless supply of magma. Without the magma reserve the vent can no longer break out, go forthing it inactive. After the vent is moved the hot topographic point will no longer hold an mercantile establishment for magma. Soon after the plume will break out one time once more and make a new vent to replace the 1 it had merely lost. As the Pacific home base continuously moves across the Hawaiian hot topographic point back-to-back eruptions have created the additive order of the islands. The home base moves over the asthenosphere Northwest at a rate of 5 to 7 centimetres per twelvemonth ( Rubin 1 ) . The age of the Hawaiian Islands tend to ac quire older as they are observed from the sou-east to the nor-east ( Rubin 2 ) . In drumhead, when compared to an active vent presently under the hot topographic point, the other vents continue to float westward while at the same clip they are acquiring older. One of the northwesterly most islands, Kauai, is estimated to be formed 3.8 to 5.6 million old ages ago, whereas Hawaii, the island presently unde r the hot topographic point, began organizing less the one million old ages ago ( Monroe 102 ) . The land characteristics of the different islands besides tell a narrative of their ages. The island of Hawaii shows small marks of eroding. On the other manus, an older island, like Oahu, exhibits many marks of eroding caused by their uninterrupted motion every bit good as elements like air current and rain. The creative activity and the gesture of the Hawaiian Island concatenation are a really utile tool in assisting geologists to explicate the motion of the Pacific home base. The submerging of old vents is another portion to the rhythm of island ironss. As the islands move off from the hot topographic point the home base cools and contracts. In combination with the catching of stuff, the weight of the vent and the eroding factors, the ensuing consequence is one of a depression. The vent finally sinks lower and lower until it is no longer above the surface of the ocean ( Duxbury 78 ) . Beyond Kure, the oldest, most western island, the Hawaiian Island concatenation continues with a twine of submersed former islands. These islands are known as the Emperor seamounts ( Rubin 2 ) . As the seamounts easy sank, coral began to turn upward making coral reefs and further polishing the beauty of the part. The kineticss of the active vents within the Hawaiian Island concatenation are still at the beginning of the island concatenation rhythm. There are presently three active vents in Hawaii. Two of them are on the island of Hawaii, Mauna Loa and Kilauea. The other 1 is a undersea vent, called Loihi, which has non yet, broke the surface of the ocean. All three of the vents portion the Hawaiian hot topographic point. Mauna Loa is the largest vent in the universe with volume of 9,600 three-dimensional stat mis and lifting 13,677 pess into the air above sea degree. Mauna Loa seems immense in comparing to the volume of Mount Shasta at 40 three-dimensional stat mis, the largest vent on the Continental United States. This vent itself makes up over 50 % of the full province of Hawaii ( Mauna Loa 2 ) . Because of the great mass of Mauna Loa the sea floor has a depression five stat mis beneath the tremendous vent ( Mauna Loa 1 ) . Mauna Loa is considered one of the most active vents on the planet holding erupted 33 times in one hundred 57 old ages. However, Kilauea tops that holding 34 eruptions in merely 48 old ages, non including its uninterrupted lava-lake activity ( Urnezis 1 ) . The name Kilauea means, spiting in Hawaiian, mentioning to the changeless lava activity. Its most recent eruption has been uninterrupted since January 3rd of 1983 ( Kilauea 2 ) . This vent consists of approximately 14 % of Hawaii. Loihi, on the other manus, is non an island, but an submerged seamount. It represents the first phase of the formation of a new Hawaiian island. The seamount rises over 10,100 pess above the sea floor and is merely 3,100 pess within the surface of the H2O ( Loihi 2 ) . Loihi is an active vent that often generates temblors. Scientists from the University of Hawaii have conducted many honkytonks to Loihi in order to piece informations garnering burials on the acme of the vent ( Loihi 2 ) . The informations collected from these burials will give scientists an chance to a nalyze the geological phenomenon in greater item. The active Hawaiian vents are found to be the youngest within the concatenation, nevertheless, they can demo a great trade about what the more western vents looked like while under the Hawaiian hot topographic point. The geological facets of the Hawaiian Island concatenation continue to excite involvement in members of the geological society. Comparing the age and distances in between each island can assist scientists to cipher the velocity of the motion of the Pacific home base. This information AIDSs in the better apprehension of home base tectonics in general. In add-on, the information can assist to foretell where the home base will travel by analyzing where it has been. The rhythm of the Hawaiian Islands: the birth of a seamount, the turning of an island, the displacement in the crust and the decay and submergence of a vent, is an illustration of the how the Earth invariably renews and recycles its stuff. Before these islands submerge into the sea in 1000000s of old ages from now, it is of import for world to look into, explore and bask the events and features determining the Hawaiian Islands. This is of import, non merely to derive a greater apprehension of the planet as a whole, but to bes ides appreciate the tropical Eden that Hawaii is known for. The Hawaiian Islands are so diverse that if a tourer were to travel at that place during the Hawaiian winter they could take to partake in a scope of activities from skiing on snow capped mountains in Hawaii to researching the dry sweets of Kau, besides on Hawaii. There is no admiration why so many people chose this topographic point, all entirely in the center of the Pacific, to pass their barely earned holiday clip.

Writing a Sample Personal Narrative Essay in Which Paragraph Does the Writer Provide Answers to the Questions Consistently Located in the Beginning

Writing a Sample Personal Narrative Essay in Which Paragraph Does the Writer Provide Answers to the Questions Consistently Located in the BeginningWriting a sample personal narrative essay in which paragraph does the writer provide answers to the questions contained in the beginning of the piece is a common requirement for many applicants. Many students come to college knowing how to write a personal essay, but are still struggling with their essay and may even be slipping out of the top two of the grades they've been looking forward to. Because of this, some people have already resorted to writing a sample personal essay in which paragraph does the writer provide answers to the questions contained in the beginning of the piece, but it can be rather difficult to do so.You may have written a good paragraph and even provided adequate answers to the opening questions contained in the beginning of the piece, but you need to continue to make improvements if you want to help improve your g rade on the essay. That is, unless you are the kind of person who likes to study after a meal! In that case, you will want to spend more time on your writing and have a few extra tricks up your sleeve for answering the questions contained in the opening paragraph of your personal essay.When writing your personal essay, you need to spend some time on the paragraph break. Although this may not seem like it is important, it is an area that many students overlook. Some writers will give the opening paragraph of their essay very little attention, but more writers will spend an entire paragraph on the paragraph. Instead of just reading the paragraph from beginning to end, you should spend some time to write your paragraph.The most effective way to write your paragraph is to start your paragraph from the beginning. This means that you need to find a topic that is interesting enough to interest you will use this topic throughout your writing. After you have found an interesting topic, you w ill want to find a way to bring up your interest in the reader. You can do this by discussing the topic and you can do this by offering your own perspective as a potential reader. To get your topic across to the reader, you need to bring the topic up at the beginning of your paragraph and you can do this by breaking it down into smaller sections.When you break down the topic into smaller paragraphs, you will be able to focus on what you would like to discuss. Break down the subject into three or four paragraphs, and focus on each of these paragraphs. Focus on the introduction of the paragraph, then go back to the topic you have discussed in the first paragraph, and finally follow through with the topics you have discussed throughout the rest of the paragraph.In addition to going back to the beginning of the paragraph you have started, you should also include some information about the reason why you chose to write your essay. This information may come from the essays you have alread y read. If you are not confident in what you have read, then you may want to include information that is considered experts in the field you have chosen to write in. Keep in mind that many professors and other instructors will also include information about themselves in their written work. Use this information to introduce the reader to the reasons you chose to write your essay.The important thing to remember is that the opening paragraph of your personal narrative essay will be one of the most important sections you write. It is the first place the reader will be introduced to your writing style and, if you are an experienced writer, it will also be one of the first places the reader will notice any gaps in your knowledge. Use this paragraph to help you answer the question you posed at the beginning of your essay, but leave some time for you to continue to develop your writing skills.

Adventures of Huck Finn essays

Adventures of Huck Finn essays 1. In the novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Huck Finn was the main character. The story was told through his eyes, and most of the events that took place happened around him. But some of these events would not have happened without other main characters as well, like Jim, Tom Sawyer, the King, or the Duke. Hucks personality at the start of the novel had changed gradually throughout the novel and until the end. At first, Miss Watson tried to make him pray for things but Huck did not believe in praying because it brought him bad luck. Later in the novel, Huck tries to pray for forgiveness and wants to erase his sin for stealing a nigger. After he prays, he feels he can pray openly now and will not sin anymore (CH. 31). Huck was also superstitious and believed that everything that went wrong was because of certain things he did, like the snake in Jims blanket. And everything was blamed on the bad luck Huck and Jim had. Huck also became kind, especially after the quarrel with his father, pap. He learned that in order to get along with people (like the king and duke), you have to let them have their way, and Huck did. Jim, at first, was looked upon as just an ordinary nigger. But Huck and Tom soon realized that he was very smart and had helped Huck through most of his adventures. But as a nigger, Jim was looked up to as a hero to other niggers. For instance, Huck tells the reader when niggers from all over the country came to see Jim and hear of his heroic stories and every nigger wanted to be like Jim. Jim was also very superstitious, especially in chapter eight when Jim talks about all of his superstitions, like counting the things for dinner and telling the bees that their owner had just died. All of this supposedly brought bad luck. Tom Sawyer was also a very influential character to the story. He was the one who came up with all the solutions for things, which eventually made m...

Harold Coward Book Review Essay Example

Harold Coward Book Review Essay Example Indian Critiques Of Gandhi By Harold Coward Book Review Indian Critiques Of Gandhi By Harold Coward Book Review In regard with the life of Mahatma Gandhi, Coward argues that the ideology that this great person propagated across India and the world as a whole was formed under the influence of other significant historical figures. Mahatma Gandhi had not only supporters and admirers but also critics who had different perspectives. By considering the arguments of both the legendary leader and his critics, the author in this piece decisively and authoritatively allows the reader to appreciate the strengths and the weaknesses of Mahatma Gandhis real contribution to the Indian nation, as well as the rest of the world. The main arguments revolve around independence and Indian nationalism assuming that Gandhis ideology is seen as not always immaculate contrary to what his supporters may think. Harold Coward Book Review This book plays a significant role in the history of India and its politics as it enlightens the reader as to the pluralist opinion that engulfed and possibly continues to engulf this nation in such aspects as independence, democracy and religion, among other things. In the book Indian Critiques of Gandhi, Harold Coward manages to present Mahatma Gandhi and his ideals in a manner that has been overlooked by most history scholars who have a keen interest in learning Gandhi’s contribution to the enlightenment and independence of India. In addition, Harold portrays Mahatma Gandhi as a magnanimous leader who later worked with his fierce critics to secure his country’s independence; however, the author failed to explore the characters of Gandhi’s critics in full to establish their motives. In Distinct Worlds, the author argues that despite his relationship with Gandhi, Nehru was a very dynamic political activist who did not avoid stating his disagreements and often his disappointments with Gandhi’s ideologies. He saw Gandhi rather differently and considered his views to be rather simplistic and non-political, which made the leader being unable to ride the Indian nation at the next level. India was on the verge of a new awakening while the rest of the world and Nehru believed that Gandhi would have to change his perspective and anti-technological philosophies in order to move in the right direction, with the Indian population behind him. It can be noted here that Nehru is not only a friend and possibly a confidant but also a strong critic who was always willing to express his concerns about India under the guidance of Gandhi (Coward 2003). Untouchability is in this case a key point for Gandhi’s criticism. He may not have believed in untouchability, but he certainly did not dedicate himself to dissolving the caste system that at the time was perceived as a problem. In this argument, the author portrays Gandhi’s inadequacy with respect to fighting for the cause of the untouchables in a manner that would have appeased them. However, he employed a different tactic that did not involve dissolving the caste system but elevated the status of the untouchables giving them equal rights instead of the intended autonomy and privileges that they felt they could have. In Indian Nationalism, Gandhi fails to see the significance of requesting for self rule rather than independence. The non-cooperation ideology here is heavily criticized based on its unsettling nature that would create a rift with the colonial masters. In this case, Annie Bensant is seen trying to convince Gandhi of the evils of fighting for independence through non-cooperation; however, he does not heed her arguments, and in the end, the Indian people get their independence. On one hand, Gandhi was right to fight for India’s independence, but as Annie Bensant had predicted, there was a heavy cost to pay, and in this case, it was the war with England. Nonviolence as a central concept in Gandhi’s philosophy is criticized in the context of its limitations with respect to solving the problems of the Indian people and humanity’s struggles in general. On one hand, Nonviolence may be considered as a positive concept for maintaining peace; but with the extremist sentiments of the Gandhian ideologies, it becomes the vulnerability that would expose the Indian nation to so many adversaries. The remainder of the book then argues about the various groups that had issues with the Gandhian philosophy including the Hindu Mahasabha, the Christian community, the Sikhs and the Indian Muslims. Gandhi is also criticized based on his handling of the Hindu Urdu Question, with a special emphasis on the relevance of his actions considering that he is blamed for the separatist mindset that divided the Muslims and the Hindus in India in the first place. From this book, it can be distinguished that the authors are generally looking for the distinctions in Gandhi’s relationship and perspectives within his circle. Although most of his critics are seen as close friends and acquaintances, it can also be noted that some of these individuals never met him in person, and thus their criticism was based purely on rational reasoning but not on personal connections and sentiments. Nevertheless, some of his close friends also offer very strong critique that contains a generally close argument, which, however, did not affect Gandhi’s opinion or conduct. Evaluation and Analysis Distinct Worlds Jawaharlal Nehru was a close friend and admirer of Mahatma Gandhi, but he did not share the legend’s viewpoint in a number of subjects. In the book, it can be seen that Nehru had a radically different mindset, especially in matters such as technology and reality. He considered Mahatma Gandhi a common man who had rather antitechnological and thus pre-modern views. Nehru especially disagreed with Gandhi on the anti-British mentality that demonized all foreign influences brought about by the country’s colonization by the British Empire. In the book, Harold Coward claims that Nehru saw Gandhi as a rather unpolitical person with a simplistic approach. This did not depreciate his admiration for Gandhi’s heroic actions within India and beyond it, but it does prove the fact that Mahatma Gandhi indeed surrounded himself with people from other philosophies and schools of thought. Coward also argues that Nehru’s deep ideological differences shaped the history of Indi a in that it allowed Gandhi to see the other side of his ideology. He may not always have heeded Nehru’s counsel, but he was able to listen to the counterarguments whenever he could. Some of the credible examples provided by the author include non-violence and the suspension on non-cooperative movements in India. Untouchability Dr. Rao Ambedkar is another outspoken critic of Gandhi who is discussed in the book. He is an untouchable who seeks to fight for the oppressed in the Indian society. It can be appreciated that Mahatma Gandhi did not believe in untouchability and that he himself was a great revolutionary for the causes of equality and the eradication of outcasteness. Thus, it is interesting why an untouchable individual would criticize this great mind. The author explains that Dr. Rao Ambedkar’s quarrel with the Gandhi was based on the fact that Gandhi’s interests went beyond the needs of the outcastes (Coward 2003). He did not devote himself to fighting for their equal rights but rather sought to eliminate their oppression. Dr. Ambedkar wanted Gandhi to empower the oppressed classes by giving them privileges that would ensure they had a political power and social strength regardless of the caste they belonged to. However, Gandhi believed in a complete social democracy where castes were not eliminated, but rather outcasteness became history. The author also argues that this particular critic was fastidious in his call to Gandhi’s championing the rights of the oppressed classes and becoming their hero instead of appearing to fight for the larger society. In regard with untouchability and social equality, it can be noted that a number of people at the time considered Gandhi as a spokesperson for the upper classes that were comfortable with the status quo. Nevertheless, it is more appropriate to see Gandhi only focusing on the sustainability of his actions and legislations. He did not need the laws to acknowledge and respect the untouchables but rather the people to be willing to embrace them and see them as a part of the mainstream society. Indian Nationalism Annie Besant was a pro-nationalist from England whose interests centred around supporting England’s influence on India but fighting for the self-rule such that the Indian government would be able to deal with their own matters as they saw fit. However, this contradicted Gandhi’s dream of independence from the British Empire. The author here argues that being a woman in power in India at a time when orthodox Hinduism oppressed both the women and children, Annie was a great mind and her opinion was highly appreciated in Indian political class. She may have been infamous for her revolutionary views, but she was a very powerful person within her circles. In this case, Home Rule as advocated for by Besant was a way to establish sovereignty in a gradual and rather peaceful way as compared to the revolutionary and chaotic way that Gandhi was promoting. Her ideas in this regard went unheeded, and in the end, it was Gandhi who finished leading the nation to independence despite the chaos and disagreements that arouse between India and England. Another aspect of Annie Besant’s contribution to India’s nationalism would be the connection between religion and politics. Gandhi can hardly be called a very religious man (Coward 2003). He believed in the supernatural, but he did not consider religion to play an important role in matters of the state. However, his interaction with Annie Besant changed this perspective and enabled Gandhi to appreciate the role of religion thus redefining Indian nationalism. Nonviolence Sri Aurobindo Ghose is a renowned Indian nationalist who openly criticized the Gandhian concept of nonviolence. Sri Aurobindo was a guru who never actually met Gandhi in person although the two men knew each other given that they were both popular and their ideologies were widespread. In this book, the author points out the fact that Sri Aurobindo Ghose was not a Gandhian, and thus, his criticism of Gandhi’s ideology is rather rational and not sentimental or biased in their inspiration. According to Sri Aurobindo, Gandhi’s stand and emphasis on nonviolence was rather limited in its potential for aiding humanity in its real struggle. As explained by the author here, nonviolence was totally acceptable in the context of a growing nation that still had much to learn. However, its centrality to the Gandhian philosophy hoever made humanity seem very simplistic and their struggles extremely easy. In his wisdom as a guru, writer and later yogi, Sri Aurobindo was able to study t he subject of humanity in depth and breadth, and in the end, he concluded that the consideration for nonviolence in the Gandhian philosophy is noble in the context that it is peaceful. However, the Indian people need to know and understand that they have to fight for their rights and sustain their position even if it meant walking the line between life and death. In this case, his criticism is based on the significance of circumstances that can only be surmounted practically. In this case, nonviolence would make the people vulnerable to their violent adversaries who have proven to advocate against the Gandhian philosophy. The author here argues that Sri Aurobindo’s perspective brings to light the flaws in Gandhi’s emphasis on nonviolence, especially in the way that it opens the nation to destruction by external enemies who do not subscribe to the same ideology. Hindu Mahasabha The Hindu Mahasabha was a group of Hindu leaders who opposed to the idea of a separate state based on religion. They recognized India as a Hindu state and were thus more comfortable if it remained that way. When Muslims were given a separate political leverage with the backing of Mahatma Gandhi, this group strongly criticized the move. They were not in support of a separate political outfit aimed at appeasing the other religions. In this book, the author argues that the Hindu Mahasabha was a group of Hindu leaders who had the interests of the Indian populace at heart. As one would expect, they were fighting for a united India that did not in any way recognize other religions as part of the political leadership. Rather than the separate electorate created for their Muslim brethren, they wanted a united India where all the people had the same level of power. The Hindu Mahasabha specifically blamed Gandhi for the formation of Pakistan, a separate Muslim state that had the audacity to mo ve away from the Hindu roots of the larger India. It is this criticism that later led to the assassination of Mahatma Gandhi whose appeasing tendencies towards the Muslims and the British were seen as those misguiding the nation and leading the Indian people to their doom. Christian Community Mahatma Gandhi’s view on Christianity was rather stubborn and persistent, and it never changed even considering the deep friendship he had with some of the Christian missionaries. At the time, Christians in India were seen as denationalized individuals who could not demonstrate their nationalistic views (Coward 2003). At some point, the Indian-Christians were publicly known to oppose the idea of self-rule to the point that they were publishing in newspapers in pursuit of the colonial powers to object to the idea. Gandhi’s view on Christianity was mutually exclusive with nationalism. Owing to its foreign origin, the Christian faith was heavily associated with foreign domination in all aspects of life including politics and society. The irony is that Gandhi himself believed in making personal sacrifices and practicing strict discipline in all aspects of one’s life. However, he did not consider Christianity as a way of life that also respected the concept of making the same sacrifices and following a set order in terms of morals and social relationships. In this book, it is argued that the Christian community did not appreciate Gandhi’s philosophies on a number of subjects including the significance of their faith in their life as Indians. The Christians were especially distraught by the way Gandhi saw them as less Indians due to the fact that they subscribed to Christianity as their chosen religion. The criticism of the Christian community often went unheeded despite the closeness that some of the missionaries enjoyed in their relationship with Gandhi. Some of them even took their time to study his ideas, but he never listened to their concerns. It can be observed in this book that Gandhi is portra yed in his rigidity with respect to ideas and perspectives as a man who barely changed his mind. Sikhs The Sikhs were generally disappointed with Mahatma Gandhi’s ideology. Gandhi was known to endear himself to the Sikhs often referring himself to one of them. He was a disciple of the Guru Granth and he even borrowed numerous Sikh influences for his own prayers and arguments. However, the book here indicates that his affiliation for this group could hardly be called mutual. They considered him a man with no conviction seeing as he was claiming to belong to all religions at the same time. He also broke a number of promises, one of which was the deep Sikh blue that was expected to feature in the Indian flag upon its independence. It can be seen that in as far as religious groups go, the Sikhs significantly influenced Gandhi’s views, but they remained silent or rather mildly critical of his ideas and actions. On the other hand, Gandhi was growing increasingly suspicious of the Sikhs as they seemed to be intending to become an exclusive community within India. Their demands for autonomy in matters of culture and religion were in some ways intriguing, and they managed to distinguish his suspicion, which probably lead to his withdrawal from supporting their cause. At this time, the government had only increased their repression of the Sikhs, and it can be noticed that they lost their faith in Gandhi’s ability to champion their cause and get them the kind of power and recognition that they were fighting for. Indian Muslims In regard with this aspect, the author considers only the Indian Muslims who had known and worked with Mahatma Gandhi in person. It can be appreciated that the opinions of the Muslims with respect to Gandhi’s ideology is somehow torn in the middle. The Muslims generally appreciated the fact that Gandhi had provided them with some level of autonomy in terms of their political position within the Indian nation. However, they were also aware of the amount of division that had been cultivated as a result of this miscalculation. There were so many divisions in India, for example, those between the Muslims and the Hindus, and even Muslims and other Muslims based on Gandhi’s ideas. The author here argues that there were four categories of criticism that Gandhi got from the Indian Muslims including those friendly disagreements, varying policy convictions, direction of Gandhi’s leadership for India, and the continuing shift in Gandhi’s stand on a number of issues. It can be noted here that the book presents Gandhi as a dynamic leader who sought to embrace everyone who he found agreeable but was unable to take a stand and support one specific group at the expense of another. In general, he is seen fighting more for India as a whole than for any specific group. The Hindu Urdu Question Mahatma Gandhi can be especially commended for his efforts towards bridging the Hindi-Urdu rift although he found it already in existence. With the creation of Hindustan, he attempted to incorporate aspects of both Hindu and Urdu in the mainstream Indian society, but he failed miserably. This attempt is known to fuel the separatist policies that engulfed the nation drawing a distinct line between Muslims and Hindus at the time. In regard with the Hindu-Urdu question, Gandhi is widely criticized for enabling a further differentiation between the two languages by trying to bring them together in one language. As people sought autonomy and distinction from the others, they continued to develop their chosen language thus straying further from a united language. This means that the Indian people in general viewed the Hindu Urdu controversy’s escalation in Gandhi’s time as a product of his own miscalculations with the Hindustan creation. While Hindustan became popular in the Hindu speaking parts of the country, it was ignored mostly by the Hindus and Muslims of India as a distraction from their deep seated divisive politics. From the author’s perspective, one might agree here that Gandhi should not have attempted to create a uniform language for these communities. He had already done the damage by allowing political autonomy for the Muslims in India, and his efforts to get them back into the mainstream society were viewed as a feeble attempt to correct his initial grave mistake. Harold Coward’s book is a great insight into the life and work of Mahatma Gandhi and especially into the direction of his leadership. This man has been lauded for bringing India to independence, and that is the story that is commonly told from generation to generation. However, the truth behind this story seemingly differs from the common perception as he was not always the ideal leader that one may view him to be from the history books. His critics highlight the strengths and the weaknesses of his ideas and actions, especially in seeking to solve the challenges of the Indian people as a whole. In this book, Gandhi registers more failures than successes as is the truth in reality. The reason is that he believed in simplicity and can somehow be considered as a simple-minded man who thought everything could be solved by making personal sacrifices and practicing moralist ideas. In this book, one is able to understand why India did not prosper as much as it could have if the leade rship had focused on fostering unity more than in dividing the citizens. It can be appreciated that in contrast to the Gandhi who is discussed in most history classes, Harold Coward’s Gandhi is a phenomenal leader with an equal share of phenomenal critics who elicited the flaws in his mindset and in most cases managed to enlighten the public as to the problems that Gandhi created in India’s future.